MC	What concept specifies the various data items, their characteristics and relationships, constraints, storage details, etc. and is specified during the database design?	Database model	correct	Database state	incorrect	None of these concepts	incorrect	Catalog	incorrect	
MC	Complete the following sentence, choosing the right words on place <b>A</b> and <b>B</b>.<br><br>A ...<b>A</b>... data model is the mapping of a ...<b>B</b>... data model to a model that describes which data is stored where and in what format.	A: logical, B: internal	incorrect	A: internal, B: logical	correct	A: logical, B: conceptual	incorrect	A: conceptual, B: internal	incorrect	
MC	Statement A: The middle layer of the three-layer architecture consists of both the conceptual data model and the logical data model. The logical data model is physically implemented in the internal layer. <br><br> Statement B: The top level of the three-layer architecture is the external layer. Views for one or more applications always offer a window on the complete logical model.<br><br>Which sentence(s) is/are right?	Neither A or B is right	incorrect	Only sentence A is right	correct	Sentence A and B are right	incorrect	Only sentence B is right	incorrect	
MC	Which statement is CORRECT?	A file-based approach to data management facilitates concurrency control.	incorrect	The logical data model is implementation independent.	incorrect	In a file-based approach, every application had its own query and access procedures, even if they wanted to access the same data.	correct	In a file approach to data management, a change in the structure of a data file is easily handled because each application has its own data files.	incorrect	
MC	Which statement is NOT CORRECT?	In a database approach, maintenance of data and metadata is easier.	incorrect	In a database approach, there is typically less storage needed compared to the file approach.	incorrect	In a database approach, applications don't have their own files, but all applications access the same version of the data by interfacing with the DBMS.	incorrect	In a database approach, the data definitions or metadata are stored in the applications accessing the data.	correct	
MC	Which statement is NOT CORRECT?	SQL is a database language that focusses on how to access and retrieve the data.	correct	SQL is a database language to manage DBMSs without having to write a substantial amount of programming code.	incorrect	In a file-based approach, every application had its own query and access procedures, even if they wanted to access the same data.	incorrect	SQL is a database language that allows different applications to access different subsets of the data necessary for each application.	incorrect	
MC	Which statement is NOT CORRECT?	In a file approach to data management, the data definitions are included in each application separately.	incorrect	In a file approach to data management, different applications could be using older and newer versions of the same data.	incorrect	In a file approach to data management, a change in the structure of a data file is easily handled because each application has its own data files.	correct	The file approach to data management causes the same information to be stored separately for different applications.	incorrect	
MC	Statement A: The middle layer of the three-layer architecture consists of both the conceptual data model and the logical data model. The logical data model is physically implemented in the internal layer. <br><br> Statement B: The top level of the three-layer architecture is the external layer. Views for one or more applications always offer a window on the complete logical model.<br><br>Which sentence(s) is/are right?	Sentence A and B are right	incorrect	Only sentence A is right	correct	Neither A or B is right	incorrect	Only sentence B is right	incorrect	
MC	Which statement is CORRECT?	The database is stored in the catalog.	incorrect	The file-based approach uses metadata to define the data. These definitions are then stored in a catalog.	incorrect	A logical data model translates the conceptual data model to a specific implementation environment.	correct	It is more cumbersome to query a database system than a file-based system.	incorrect	
MC	Which statement is NOT CORRECT?	The file approach to data management causes the same information to be stored separately for different applications.	incorrect	In a file approach to data management, a change in the structure of a data file is easily handled because each application has its own data files.	correct	In a file approach to data management, different applications could be using older and newer versions of the same data.	incorrect	In a file approach to data management, the data definitions are included in each application separately.	incorrect