MC	Which statement is NOT CORRECT?	Hive queries run much faster than hand-written MapReduce programs.	correct	Hive offers a JDBC interface.	incorrect	Hive's query language is not as feature complete as the full SQL standard.	incorrect	Hive offers an SQL engine to query Hadoop data.	incorrect	
MC	Which statement is NOT CORRECT?	Spark SQL DataFrames need to be created by loading a file.	correct	Spark SQL exposes DataFrame and Dataset APIs which underlyingly use RDDs together with a performant SQL query engine.	incorrect	Spark SQL can be used from within Java, Python, Scala and R.	incorrect	Spark SQL can be used through ODBC and JDBC interfaces.	incorrect	
MC	Which of the following is not one of the reasons why Spark programs are generally faster than MapReduce operations?	Because RDD transformations are "lazily" applied.	incorrect	Because Spark uses a directed acyclic graph instead of MapReduce.	incorrect	Because Mesos can be used as a resource manager instead of YARN.	correct	Because Spark tries to keep its RDDs in memory as long as possible.	incorrect	
MC	Which statement is CORRECT?	A MapReduce pipeline in Hadoop can include an optional Sorter to sort the final output.	correct	Hive applies a 'schema on write' approach.	incorrect	Hive's Metastore stores the metadata in an OODBMS. 	incorrect	Apache Spark doesn't enforce a relatively linear and fixed data flow structure. 	incorrect	
MC	Which statement is NOT CORRECT?	RDDs are structured and represent a collection of columnar objects.	correct	RDDs offer failure protection by tracking the lineage of operations that are applied on them.	incorrect	RDDs represent an abstract, immutable data structure.	incorrect	RDDs allow for two forms of operations: transformations and actions.	incorrect	
MC	Which statement is CORRECT?	The HDFS NameNode sends regular heartbeat messages to its DataNodes.	incorrect	HDFS is composed of a NameNode, DataNodes, and an optional SecondaryNameNode.	correct	DataNodes in HDFS store a registry of metadata.	incorrect	Both the SecondaryNameNode and primary NameNode can simultaneously handle requests from clients.	incorrect	
MC	Which statement is NOT CORRECT?	Variety in Big Data refers to data "in many forms".	incorrect	Volume in Big Data refers to data "at rest".	incorrect	Velocity in Big Data refers to data "in movement".	incorrect	Veracity in Big Data refers to data "in change".	correct	
MC	Which statement is NOT CORRECT?	A MapReduce pipeline in Hadoop can include an optional Sorter to sort the final output.	incorrect	A reducer in Hadoop reduces a collection of elements to one or more output elements.	incorrect	Reducer workers in Hadoop will start once all mapper workers have fished.	correct	A mapper in Hadoop maps each element in a collection to one or more output elements.	incorrect	
MC	Which of the following is not one of the reasons why Spark programs are generally faster than MapReduce operations?	Because Spark tries to keep its RDDs in memory as long as possible.	incorrect	Because Spark uses a directed acyclic graph instead of MapReduce.	incorrect	Because Mesos can be used as a resource manager instead of YARN.	correct	Because RDD transformations are "lazily" applied.	incorrect	
MC	Which statement is CORRECT?	The HDFS NameNode sends regular heartbeat messages to its DataNodes.	incorrect	HDFS is composed of a NameNode, DataNodes, and an optional SecondaryNameNode.	correct	DataNodes in HDFS store a registry of metadata.	incorrect	Both the SecondaryNameNode and primary NameNode can simultaneously handle requests from clients.	incorrect